Posts Tagged IRS

Who Is Representing Your Client Before the IRS (And Why You Should Care)? ~ a guest blog by Jason Peckham

Past due taxes and tax liens have been on the rise it seems… it is better to know now than to find out later. For those of you who have not talked to Tax Guard, I highly recommend it… they are able to monitor tax deposits and identify potential tax lien concerns before they arise. The days of tax lien searches and payroll tax reporting each month can now be decreased and/or eliminated. This new service has proven to be a definite ‘value add’ for many factors entering into new client transactions and for monitoring taxes and tax liens with existing clients.

Personally, I know many factoring companies using this service as part of their due diligence to ensure prospective clients are up to date on their payroll and other related taxes. Further, since Tax Guard provides an ongoing tax monitoring service, many factors are using this service to eliminate additional client reporting internally while still gaining the value of early detection for such taxes. Jason Peckham with Tax Guard has provided an article about how to address these past due taxes with your clients. However, if you are like me, you would just call them… it’s just that much easier…

Not all representatives are created equal.  Many do not work with the IRS Collections Division on a regular basis and the quality of representation can vary widely.  The client’s perspective as to the progress of negotiations with the IRS can differ substantially from the actual situation.

Upon learning of an issue with the IRS, the Factor should follow up with the client and representative, if applicable, to see if there is a legitimate plan in place to address the liability.  It is never safe to assume that everything is okay simply because the client has a representative.  The basic issues are simple – are your client and his/her representative effectively negotiating with the IRS and how am I (the Factor) affected?  The answers are not always clear.  However, by asking a few simple questions, the actual situation can begin to emerge.  There are some specific questions you should ask the client and/or the representative.

1. What is the strategy? Once the liability has been assessed by the IRS, it is a race to resolve the issue before the lien is filed and 45 days pass.  There is no time for learning on the fly or exploring how the IRS Collections Division works through trial and error.

Typically, the best strategy to protect the client / taxpayer and the Factor is an Installment Agreement in conjunction with a request for Subordination of Federal Tax Lien (subordination).  The IRS cannot take enforced collection (levies) while a proposal for an Installment Agreement is “pending,” an Installment Agreement is in good standing, or for thirty days after an Installment Agreement has formally defaulted.  Additionally, a subordination can only be issued if there is a formal Installment Agreement in place.

2.  Have financial statements been prepared and sent to the IRS? Almost every resolution strategy with the IRS (except for personal liabilities less than $25,000 or business liabilities less than $10,000) requires completion of two financial statements – forms 433-B (business) and 433-A (personal).  The Automated Collection System or Revenue Officer (the two arms of the IRS Collections Division) will use these forms to determine an “appropriate” resolution.

A taxpayer gets one chance to make a first impression with the IRS.  It is important that the 433-B and 433-A accurately reflect the taxpayer’s actual ability to pay.  A list of assets without corresponding encumbrances or an income and expense analysis that demonstrates the taxpayer can afford more than the requested payment (or cannot afford a payment at all) will likely result in rejection of the proposal and substantially delay the process.  If the representative submits poorly prepared forms, the 45 days will likely pass without a resolution (the time will be spent trying to provide support/clarification of the financial information provided), which means the Factor will have to cease funding.

3. Will a proposal be submitted with the financial statements? Too many representatives (inexperienced or otherwise) submit financial statements to the IRS without a formal proposal.  The IRS can use the information provided on the 433-B to levy the taxpayer’s bank accounts and accounts receivable.  A proposal is necessary to facilitate a resolution and protect the taxpayer and Factor from levy (the IRS cannot levy so long as there is a “pending” Installment Agreement).

4.  How am I (the Factor) protected? Generally, there are several ways to address an IRS liability.  The existence of a factoring relationship severely limits those options because of the federal tax lien and its impact 45 days after it is filed.  Don’t assume that your client’s representative is aware of the factoring relationship. In many cases, the client will fail to disclose important information to the representative.  If the representative is unaware of the factoring relationship, a strategy could easily be pursued that does not take into consideration the Factor’s issues and concerns.  Additionally, don’t assume that the representative knows how to quickly address these issues. Many representatives address issues with the IRS in a reactive rather than proactive manner.  It is much less likely that a local representative who only occasionally works with the Collections Division of the IRS will be familiar with factoring and the implications of an IRS liability on Factors.  Finally, keep in mind that a representative answers to the client, not to the Factor (unless other arrangements have been made).

Making assumptions is generally not advisable.  This is especially true when the IRS is involved.  By taking a few minutes to speak with your client’s representative, you can verify that your concerns are being addressed as well as protect your client’s business from a less than helpful representative.

For additional information on Tax Guard, please contact Jason Peckham, Director of Business Development, (800) 880.7318, Email: jpeckham@tax-guard.com.

Wishing you continued success. The Factor Guru.

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More on Payroll Taxes

Getting back to a prior question… “Why are payroll taxes important?”

Delinquent taxes and IRS liens can be very disruptive to businesses and to lenders/finance companies. If companies are unsure how to calculate these taxes or what effect delinquent taxes may have on a business, visit the IRS Payroll Taxes Educational Module  and other information available from the IRS at www.irs.gov. Sometimes, when working capital becomes tight, the last bill to be paid is usually the payroll tax bill due the IRS.

Once delinquent and should such taxes remain unpaid and continue being past due, penalties are assessed. Eventually, a Federal Tax Lien (FTL) would be placed on the business. Many times, the lien filing date is for a period from up to two or three years ago.  The tax period will be reflected on the lien filing.  Any tax periods since that date would need to be evaluated to see how far behind a company truly has become on their taxes. 

When a Federal Tax Lien (FTL) is filed, it is a negative item on the credit bureau report of the company.  It may also result in creditors calling in their notes as they become aware of the FTL.  The FTL generally becomes the most senior claim against the company’s (or debtor when referring to UCC and liens) assets with the exception of first mortgage holders who have properly filed financing documents. The FTL may also displace the primary security position of factoring firms lending on accounts receivable and bank revolving lines of credit 45 days after filing (each situation is unique and must be considered on individual circumstances). Certain claims may trump an FTL such as legitimate mechanic’s liens, local taxes, and perfected landlord liens.

In some jurisdictions, local law provides for separate filing of liens for real property and personal property. In that case, the IRS may file two identical liens, one under personal property records and one under real property records. It is important to note that the IRS does not necessarily have to file under the exact legal name of the corporation and may file under a ‘variety’ of the name.

The FTL is the basis for IRS legal authority to foreclose on debtor assets by conducting a seizure. Since the IRS Reform Act of 1998, seizures by IRS Revenue Officers have dropped dramatically. The lien is not to be confused with an IRS levy. The IRS can levy on a debtor taxpayer’s bank accounts or wages without a FTL. The IRS only needs a valid assessment and must have served legal notice in the form of a certified mail letter to the company’s last known address 30 days prior to levy. However, often the IRS has filed an FTL before levy action even though it is not required.

When a FTL occurs, the lien must be resolved.  This is not just for the business owner themselves, as the IRS will eventually seek collection from the customers of the business as mentioned previously, but also for any secured lender/commercial finance company.  Again in the case of the factoring company, the IRS will ‘prime’ the liens in place.  The factor will have 45 days from the earlier of their discovering the lien or from the date of the filing to essentially collect out of the funds exposed on the assets purchased.  Any monies sent to the company after those dates are subject to the IRS lien filing. 

This does not affect monies already sent to a company (i.e., a term loan based on equipment or real estate whereby the funds were paid up front and the payments are amortized over a set period of time).  However, in the case of a line of credit or factoring where new funds are being paid out while collections are being paid, that lien position would be critical.

This can become a concern for factors and lenders. Resolution alternatives are available. We will address those in a future posting. Until then, monitoring these taxes on an ongoing basis can be critical to a factoring company.

So, until the next time, happy reading…

The Factor Guru

 

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